Nikhil Mishra (CBSE 10th)
TOPIC:- Khilafat Movement & Non Cooperation Movement
The Khilafat movement, also known as the Indian Muslim movement (1919–24),was a pan-Islamist political protest campaign launched by Muslims of British India led by Shaukat Ali, Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar, Hakim Ajmal Khan , Abul Kalam Azad to restore the caliph of the Ottoman
Caliphate,who was considered the leader of Sunni Muslims, as an effective political authority. It was a protest against the sanctions placed on the caliph and the Ottoman Empire after the First World War by the Treaty of Sevres.
The movement collapsed by late 1922 when Turkey gained a more favourable diplomatic position and moved towards secularism. By 1924 Turkey simply abolished the role of caliph.
How did Non cooperation movement and Khilafat movement combined?
Mahatma Gandhi felt the need to launch a broad-based movement in India. but he was certain that no such movement could be organised without bringing Muslim and Hindu together.One way of doing this, he felt, was to take up the khilafat issue.Gandhiji saw this as an opportunity to bring Muslims under the the umbrella of unified national movement .At the Calcutta session of the Congress in September 1920, he convinced other leaders of the need to start non cooperation movement in support of the khilafah as well as for Swaraj.
So in this way khilafat movement and Non cooperation movement get merged.
Asmit Singh (CBSE 10th Standard)
Topic:- Civil disobedience movement
The Salt Satyagraha was a huge civil disobedience movement initiated by Mahatma Gandhi against the salt tax imposed by the British government in India. Gandhi led a large group of people from Sabarmati Ashram on 12th March 1930 till Dandi, a coastal village in Gujarat, to break the salt law by producing salt from seawater.
How did civil disobedience movement start?On 31 January 1930, Mahatma Gandhi sent a letter to Viceroy Irwin stating and imposing eleven demands. Among all the demands, the most stirring of all the demands was to abolish the salt tax that is consumed by the rich and the poor. The demands were needed to be fulfilled by 11 March or else the Congress will initiate a civil disobedience campaign. The popular salt march was started by Mahatma Gandhi and it was accompanied by 78 of his trusted volunteers. The march covered over 240 miles, from Gandhiji’s ashram in a place called Sabarmati to the Gujarati coastal town of Dandi. On 6 April he reached Dandi, and ceremonially violated the law, and started manufacturing salt by boiling seawater. This movement marked the beginning of the Civil Disobedience Movement.
Features of the Civil Disobedience Movement :This was the first nationwide movement while all others were restricted to urban areas People among rural areas also had an opportunity to register their participation The participation of women was in large numbers Kasturba Gandhi, Kamladevi Chattopadhyay, Avantikabai Gokhale, Lilavati Munshi, Hansaben Mehta like popular women led the satyagraha movement Non-violence was the motto of this movement On continuous suppression by the Britishers, this movement did not turn back Due to this fearlessness, the Indian people were regarded as fearless
Anand Barnwal (CBSE 10th Standard)
Topic:- Non-Cooperation Movement
The Non-Cooperation movement was lanched on 5th september 1920 to February 1922, to induce the British government of India to grant self-government, or swaraj, to India. It was one of Gandhi’s first organized acts of large-scale civil disobedience (satyagraha). A new awakening in the Indian Independence Movement. After a series of events including the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre, Gandhiji realised that there was no prospect of getting any fair treatment at the hands of British, so he planned to withdraw the nation’s co-operation from the British Government, thus launching the Non-Cooperation Movement and thereby marring the administrative set up of the country. This movement was a great success as it got massive encouragement to millions of Indians. This movement almost shook the British authitotheries.The movement was essentially a peaceful and non-violent protest against the British government in India.Gandhi derived his ideologies and inspiration from ongoing non-cooperation movements, particularly that by Satguru Ram Singh, who is credited as being the first Indian to use non-cooperation and boycott of British merchandise and services as a political weapon.
Nikhil Mishra (CBSE 10th Standard)
Faiz Ansari
Shivangi Yadav
Nihal Bharti
Saniya Sharma
Shivam Gupta
Kamesh Mishra
Priyanshu Singh
Astha Singh
Amit Kumar Singh
Deshwant Raj Gupta
Akash Patel
Divyanshu Rai
Pooja Kumari
Shrutika Singh
Neeraj Kumar
Akshat Singh
Anwar Ali