Question 1: Multiple choice questions:
(i). Which one of the following type of resource is iron ore?
(a) Renewable (b) Flow
(c) Biotic (d) Non-renewable
Answer: (d) Non-renewable
(ii). Under which of the following type of resource can tidal energy be put?
(a) Replenishable (b) Abiotic
(c) Human-made (d) Non-recyclable
Answer:(a) Replenishable
(iii). Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?
(a) Intensive cultivation (b) Over irrigation
(c) Deforestation (d) Overgrazing
Answer: (b) Over irrigation
(iv). In which one of the following states is terrace cultivation practised?
(a)Punjab (b) Haryana
(c) Plains of Uttar Pradesh (d) Uttarakhand
Answer: (d) Uttarakhand
(v). In which of the following states is black soil found?
(a) Jammu and Kashmir (b) Rajasthan
(c) Gujarat (d) Jharkhand
Answer: (c) Gujarat
Question 2: Answer the following questions in about (30 words).
(i). Name three states having black soil and the crop which is mainly grown in it.
Answer: Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh are some states where black soil is found and cotton is the main crop grown on black soil.
(ii). What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast? Give three main features of this type of soil.
Answer: Alluvial soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast. Alluvial soil is rich in potash, phosphoric acid and lime. It has a high water retention capacity and it is highly fertile soil.
(iii). What steps can be taken to control soil erosion in the hilly areas?
Answer: Terrace farming and shelter belt plantation can be done to prevent soil erosion in hilly areas.
(iv). What are the biotic and abiotic resources? Give some examples.
Answer: Biotic Resources – All living organisms in our environment are called biotic resources. For example, trees, animals, insects, etc.
Abiotic Resources – All non-living things present in our environment are termed as abiotic resources. For example – earth, air, water, metals, rocks, etc.
Question 3: Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
(i). Explain land use pattern in India and why has the land under forest not increased much since 1960-61?
Answer: About 45% of land is used as net sown area, i.e. for farming. About 22% of the land is under forest and the rest of the land is used for various purposes; like housing, recreation and industrial activities. Increasing population and subsequent increase in demand for resources is the main reason that forested land has not increased much during this period.
(ii). How have technical and economic development led to more consumption of resources?
Answer: Economic development creates demand for various resources and technical development gives the knowhow to exploit those resources. Thus, technical and economic development; together lead to more consumption of resources.