Heat :- The energy associated with configuration and random motion of the atoms
and molecules with in a body is called heat.
(1) Units : Joule (S.I.) and calorie (Practical unit)
(2) The ratio of work done (W) to heat produced (Q) is constant.
1 calorie = 4.186 Joule = 4.12 Joule
(3) Heat is a path dependent and is taken to be positive if the system absorbs
it and negative if releases it.
Specific Heat:- The heat required to raise the temperature of one gram mass of a body through 1ºC (or 1 K) is called specific heat of the material of the body.
Gram specific heat : The heat required to raise the temperature of one gram mass of a body through 1ºC (or 1 K) is called gram specific heat of the material of the body.
c= Q/m
Molar specific heat: Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram mole of the substance through a unit degree it is represented by (capital) C.
Temperature:- Temperature is defined as the degree of hotness or coldness of a body. Heat flows from higher temperature to lower temperature. Two bodies are said to be in thermal equilibrium when both the bodies are at the same temperature.
Triple Point:- The temperature and pressure at which a substance can exist in equilibrium in the liquid, solid, and gaseous states
The triple point of water is that point on where the three phases of water, the solid (Ice), the liquid (Water) and the gas (Steam), can coexist in thermal equilibrium. Triple point of water is 0.1 Degree Celsius or 273.16 K.